Octopus nervous system

نویسنده

  • Binyamin Hochner
چکیده

Comparing the body structure and way of life of the modern cephalopods with those of the nautilus and other molluscs reveals how dramatically these animals have changed over the course of evolution. From shell-protected, slowly moving scavengers they have evolved into agile, mobile predators that share the same environments and way of life with fish and successfully compete with them. Indeed, Andrew Packard (1972) has suggested that these evolutionary changes were driven by the selection forces imposed by bony fish (teleosts) and reptiles that invaded the sea just when modern cephalopods began to develop.

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Molecular and functional characterization of a novel gonadotropin-releasing-hormone receptor isolated from the common octopus (Octopus vulgaris).

GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of reproduction in vertebrates through interaction with a specific receptor. Previously, we isolated a GnRH homologue, oct-GnRH, from the common octopus (Octopus vulgaris). In the present study, we have identified a GnRH receptor (oct-GnRHR) specific for oct-GnRH from Octopus brain. Oct-GnRHR includes domains and motif...

متن کامل

How nervous systems evolve in relation to their embodiment: what we can learn from octopuses and other molluscs.

Cephalopods such as the octopus show the most advanced behavior among invertebrates, which they accomplish with an exceptionally flexible body plan. In this review I propose that the embodied organization approach, developed by roboticists to design efficient autonomous robots, is useful for understanding the evolution and development of the efficient adaptive interaction of animals with their ...

متن کامل

Nonsomatotopic Organization of the Higher Motor Centers in Octopus

Hyperredundant limbs with a virtually unlimited number of degrees of freedom (DOFs) pose a challenge for both biological and computational systems of motor control. In the flexible arms of the octopus, simplification strategies have evolved to reduce the number of controlled DOFs. Motor control in the octopus nervous system is hierarchically organized. A relatively small central brain integrate...

متن کامل

Unctional and comparative assessements of the octopus learning and memory system

1.Abstract 2. Why study complex nervous systems in invertebrates? 3. The vertical lobe of cephalopods and the insect mushroom body are unique brain structures involved in the advanced behavior of these animals 4. The morphological organization of the octopus nervous system 5. The learning and memory system of Octopus vulgaris 5.1. Morphological organization of the octopus VL-MSF syste 5.2. Elec...

متن کامل

The octopus: a model for a comparative analysis of the evolution of learning and memory mechanisms.

Comparative analysis of brain function in invertebrates with sophisticated behaviors, such as the octopus, may advance our understanding of the evolution of the neural processes that mediate complex behaviors. Until the last few years, this approach was infeasible due to the lack of neurophysiological tools for testing the neural circuits mediating learning and memory in the brains of octopus a...

متن کامل

Arm Coordination in Octopus Crawling Involves Unique Motor Control Strategies

To cope with the exceptional computational complexity that is involved in the control of its hyper-redundant arms [1], the octopus has adopted unique motor control strategies in which the central brain activates rather autonomous motor programs in the elaborated peripheral nervous system of the arms [2, 3]. How octopuses coordinate their eight long and flexible arms in locomotion is still unkno...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2004